How should such an application be prepared, or alternatively an application for the remission or conditional remission of liabilities without establishing a repayment plan for creditors? This article constitutes a comprehensive guide to this complex and often decisive stage of bankruptcy proceedings in situations where, due to a high degree of complexity, the court has ordered that bankruptcy proceedings concerning a consumer be conducted in accordance with the provisions governing the bankruptcy of entrepreneurs.

When does the obligation to submit the application arise?

In more complex proceedings—for example, where the case involves a large number of creditors, significant assets, or complicated factual circumstances—the court may decide that the proceedings will be conducted in accordance with the provisions applicable to the bankruptcy of entrepreneurs.

In such a situation, after the completion of the bankruptcy proceedings, the bankrupt is required, within a specified time limit, to submit an appropriate application to the court. Failure to comply with this obligation may significantly hinder or delay the debt relief process.

What are the possible scenarios?

After analysing the situation of the bankrupt, the court may take one of several decisions. The most common solution is the establishment of a repayment plan for creditors—that is, determining the extent to which and the period during which the debtor will repay their liabilities. After completion of the repayment plan, the remaining debts are remitted.

In certain cases, however, full remission of liabilities without the necessity of making repayments is possible. This applies in situations where the bankrupt has no realistic earning capacity—for example due to their state of health, age, or particularly difficult personal circumstances.

There is also an intermediate solution, namely the conditional remission of liabilities. This means that the court temporarily refrains from establishing a repayment plan but retains the possibility of returning to the matter if the financial situation of the bankrupt improves.

What should a properly prepared application contain?

The key to obtaining a favourable decision from the court is a properly prepared application. A general description of one’s situation is not sufficient—it is necessary to present it in a detailed and credible manner.

The application should include, in particular, a description of the personal and financial situation of the bankrupt, information concerning persons dependent on the bankrupt, a realistic assessment of earning capacity, and a precise justification of living expenses. It is on this basis that the court assesses whether and to what extent the bankrupt is capable of repaying their liabilities.

Why is this stage so important?

For many individuals, this is the most important moment in the entire bankruptcy proceedings. It is at this stage that the decision is made whether the debts will be partially repaid, fully remitted, or whether specific conditions will need to be fulfilled in the future.

Errors made at this stage—such as missing documentation, imprecise information, or unrealistic declarations—may result in a less favourable outcome or prolongation of the entire process.

Support from specialists – a real advantage

Preparing the application requires not only knowledge of the law but also experience in court practice. Proper presentation of the situation, appropriate justification, and complete documentation significantly increase the chances of obtaining a favourable decision.

For this reason, an increasing number of individuals decide to seek support from professionals who not only prepare the application but also represent the client before the court and supervise the entire course of the proceedings.

Summary

Debt relief following consumer bankruptcy does not occur automatically—it requires active steps and proper preparation of the application submitted to the court. This is a stage that may determine whether and how quickly it will be possible to begin a new stage of life free from debt.

It is therefore worth approaching this stage consciously and with due diligence—because a well‑prepared application is often the first step towards financial stability.